Tag: ballet shoe guide

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Ballet Shoes Width Fitting: Narrow, Medium and Wide Options

Soft pink canvas ballet shoes with measuring tape for width fitting guide on cream linen

When parents buy their child’s first pair of ballet shoes, they typically think about length — but width is equally important. A ballet shoe that’s too narrow pinches the toes and restricts development; one that’s too wide slips at the heel and gives the foot no support. Most children’s ballet shoes are available in at least two widths, and knowing your child’s foot width before you buy can save a lot of returns and discomfort.

Why Width Matters in Ballet Shoes

Unlike casual shoes, ballet shoes are designed to be a close, supportive fit. The sole wraps under the foot and the canvas or leather upper should sit flush against the foot with minimal bunching. A ballet shoe in the wrong width will:

  • Cause pain or blistering along the sides of the foot if too narrow
  • Slip at the heel and bunch at the toe box if too wide, affecting balance and technique
  • Restrict natural foot development in growing children if consistently worn in the wrong width

Common Width Options: What the Letters Mean

Most dancewear brands use a letter system for width:

  • B or N (Narrow) — for slim, narrow feet with minimal volume
  • C or M (Medium/Standard) — the most common width; fits the average foot shape
  • D or W (Wide) — for broader feet or feet with a higher arch
  • E or X (Extra Wide) — less common; available in some specialist brands

Not every style comes in every width. Canvas ballet shoes from major brands typically come in at least Narrow and Medium; some also offer Wide. Leather shoes tend to have fewer width options.

How to Measure Your Child’s Foot Width at Home

You’ll need a ruler or tape measure and a piece of paper:

  1. Have your child stand on the paper with their weight evenly distributed
  2. Trace around the foot with a pencil held vertically (not angled)
  3. Measure the widest point of the outline (usually across the ball of the foot)
  4. Compare to the brand’s width chart — most brands publish width measurements in millimeters or inches for each width code

Do this measurement in the afternoon or evening when feet are at their largest. Allow 2–3mm of room beyond the traced measurement for comfort.

Choosing Width for Different Foot Types

As a general guide:

  • Long, slim toes with a narrow instep → Narrow (B/N)
  • Average proportions → Medium (C/M)
  • Wide forefoot, short toes, high arch, or Egyptian-shaped foot → Wide (D/W)

Many children fall in the medium category, but children with particularly wide or narrow feet can struggle in standard sizing. If your child complains that ballet shoes feel tight across the toes even in the correct length, try the next width up.

Width vs Length: Getting Both Right

Ballet shoes are traditionally fitted with a thumb’s width of growing room from the longest toe to the end of the shoe. When sizing up for growth, stay in the correct width — don’t go up a width to compensate for length. A shoe that’s too wide across the ball of the foot is problematic regardless of how the length feels.

Many brands use size and width together, for example “3C” (size 3, medium width) or “4N” (size 4, narrow width). Check the full size code when reordering.

Frequently Asked Questions

My child’s shoe is gaping at the side — is that a width problem?

Yes. Gaping at the side of the shoe usually means the width is too large, or the style has too much volume for the foot. Try the same size in a narrower width, or look for a style with more streamlined construction.

Can ballet shoe width affect a child’s technique?

Yes, significantly. A shoe that’s too wide allows the foot to roll inward (pronate), which affects alignment from the ankle up. A shoe that’s too narrow prevents the toes from relaxing into the floor during demi-pointe work.

Should I measure both feet?

Always. Most people have one foot slightly larger or wider than the other. Fit to the larger foot, and if there’s a significant difference, mention it to the store or teacher.

Do ballet shoe widths differ between brands?

Yes. A “medium” in one brand may fit differently than a “medium” in another. Width codes are not standardized across manufacturers, so always check the specific brand’s measurement chart.

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Satin Ballet Shoes vs Canvas vs Leather: Full Comparison

Three types of ballet shoes - satin, canvas and leather comparison flat lay on cream linen

Walk into any dancewear store and you’ll find ballet shoes in three distinct materials: satin, canvas, and leather. Each has a specific purpose, and wearing the right material in the right context can make a real difference to how your child’s footwork looks and feels. This guide breaks down the differences, pros and cons, and when to use each type.

Canvas Ballet Shoes

Canvas is the most popular choice for regular class and RAD graded examinations. It’s lightweight, breathable, and molds to the foot quickly. Canvas shoes have a brushed cotton or nylon upper that stretches to follow the natural shape of the foot, making them comfortable from the first wear.

Best for: Everyday class, RAD graded examinations, beginners
Pros: Lightweight, machine washable, affordable, molds to foot quickly
Cons: Less durable than leather, can wear through faster in older or more active students

Leather Ballet Shoes

Leather shoes are more structured and durable than canvas. They take longer to break in but last considerably longer and hold their shape well over time. Full-sole leather shoes are often preferred for younger students whose feet are still developing, as the firmer sole encourages correct foot placement.

Best for: Younger beginners (full-sole), students whose canvas shoes wear out quickly
Pros: Very durable, good structure, excellent for full-sole development work
Cons: Heavier than canvas, takes longer to break in, cannot be machine washed

Leather ballet shoes come in pink (standard) and sometimes white. The most common colors at RAD schools are pink for girls and black or white for boys.

Satin Ballet Shoes

Satin ballet shoes look stunning and are associated with the romantic image of the ballerina — but they’re designed for performance, not everyday class. The delicate satin upper scuffs, tears, and marks easily and has no practical advantage in a normal class environment.

Best for: Stage performances, shows, photograph shoots
Pros: Beautiful appearance under stage lighting, available in many colors
Cons: Delicate and easily damaged, not suitable for regular use, often slip-prone on studio floors

For most RAD schools, satin shoes are not permitted for class or examination use. Check your school’s policy before purchasing.

Side-by-Side Comparison

Feature Canvas Leather Satin
Durability Medium High Low
Break-in time Minimal Moderate Minimal
Best use Class & exams Class & exams Performance
Machine washable Yes No No
Price range $ $$ $$

Which Should You Buy?

For most children in RAD classes, canvas is the right choice for everyday class and examinations. It’s comfortable, practical, and appropriate. Consider leather if your child goes through canvas shoes very quickly or if the school specifically recommends it for beginners.

Satin shoes are a separate purchase for special occasions. If your child’s school has an end-of-year show or performance, you may need a pair specifically for the event — but these shouldn’t replace their regular class shoes.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can my child wear satin shoes to RAD class?

Most RAD schools do not permit satin shoes for class or examinations. Satin is a performance material and doesn’t provide the grip needed on studio floors. Always check your school’s policy, but if in doubt, go with canvas.

Are leather shoes better for beginners than canvas?

Full-sole leather shoes offer more support for very young feet, but canvas is also suitable. Many teachers prefer canvas for its flexibility. Ask your teacher what they recommend for your child’s age and level.

My daughter’s canvas shoes have worn through at the toe. How long should they last?

Canvas shoes typically last 3–6 months for a child in regular class, depending on class frequency and how active the child is. If they’re wearing through faster, consider leather as a more durable alternative.

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When Does a Ballet Student Start Pointe Work? Age and Readiness Guide

Young dancer ballet kit with canvas shoes and tights suggesting readiness milestone on cream linen

Pointe work is one of the most iconic aspects of classical ballet — and one of the most anticipated milestones for young dancers. But starting too early can cause lasting damage to a child’s developing feet and ankles. The question of when to begin pointe training is both medical and technical, and the decision should always rest with the student’s teacher in consultation with a dance medicine professional where possible.

The Minimum Age Guideline: 11 to 12 Years Old

Most reputable RAD-affiliated and mainstream ballet schools will not put students on pointe before the age of 11 to 12 years old. This guideline exists because the growth plates in a child’s feet (the areas where bones are still forming) typically begin to close around this age. Working on pointe before the growth plates have sufficiently developed risks permanent deformity and stress injuries.

Some organizations set a minimum of 11; others prefer 12. No responsible teacher should begin pointe work with a student younger than 10, regardless of technical ability.

Age Is Not Enough: What Else Must Be In Place

Meeting the age threshold is necessary but not sufficient. Before a student begins pointe work, a qualified teacher will assess:

  • Years of consistent training — usually at least 3–4 years of regular ballet classes (2–3 times per week minimum)
  • Core and ankle strength — the ability to hold a controlled relevé on one foot with no wobbling or sickling
  • Foot and ankle alignment — correct placement without rolling in (pronation) or sickling in or out
  • Demi-pointe position — a well-established demi-pointe with even weight distribution across the toes
  • Balance and control at the barre and in center — pointe requires greater stability demands than flat work

Pre-Pointe Training: What Happens Before Pointe Shoes

Many schools include a dedicated pre-pointe conditioning phase in the year or two before a student begins pointe work. This may include:

  • Theraband exercises for foot and ankle strengthening
  • Balance and proprioception exercises (often done in demi-pointe or on one leg)
  • Core strengthening work
  • Demi-pointe shoes — soft block shoes that mimic the feel of pointe shoes without going on full pointe, helping the foot get used to the positioning

For a detailed guide on demi-pointe shoes, see our Demi Pointe Shoes guide.

Pointe Shoe Fitting: A Specialist Process

When a student is cleared for pointe work by their teacher, the first step is a professional pointe shoe fitting at a specialist dance shop — not a general shoe shop, and not online. Pointe shoes must be fitted in person to account for foot shape, toe length, arch height, and shank strength requirements. A poorly fitting pointe shoe is not just uncomfortable; it can cause blisters, black toenails, bunions, and stress fractures.

How to Support a Student Starting Pointe

As a parent, you can support the transition to pointe by:

  • Ensuring your child attends all classes consistently leading up to pointe
  • Encouraging them to do any pre-pointe exercises the teacher assigns at home
  • Being patient — the fact that a friend started pointe first doesn’t mean your child is behind
  • Not pushing the teacher to start early — they will initiate when the student is ready

Frequently Asked Questions

My daughter is 11 and has been dancing for 4 years. Why hasn’t she started pointe yet?

Age and years of training are starting conditions, not guarantees. If the teacher hasn’t suggested pointe yet, it means they feel there are still strength, technique, or alignment factors to address first. Ask the teacher directly what skills your daughter needs to develop — it’s a reasonable and productive conversation.

Can a student do pointe work at home without a teacher?

No. Pointe work must be supervised by a qualified teacher, especially in the early stages. Unsupervised pointe practice is one of the leading causes of acute foot injuries in young dancers.

My 9-year-old is asking about pointe shoes. What do I tell her?

Explain that pointe shoes are something to look forward to when her feet and body are ready — usually around age 11 or 12. In the meantime, every class she attends is building the foundation she’ll need. Many students find this explanation reassuring rather than disappointing.

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How to Buy Ballet Shoes Online: Measuring, Sizing and What to Avoid

Soft pink canvas ballet shoes with size chart and measuring tape for online buying guide on cream linen

Buying ballet shoes online is faster and often cheaper than going to a specialist store — but it comes with real risks if you don’t know what you’re doing. Ballet shoes that fit incorrectly can affect a child’s technique, cause blisters, and need replacing much sooner than expected. With the right approach to measuring and size selection, you can shop online confidently and get the right fit first time.

Step 1: Measure Your Child’s Feet at Home

You’ll need a piece of paper, a pencil, and a ruler or tape measure.

  1. Place the paper on a hard floor and have your child stand on it with their full weight on that foot
  2. Trace around the foot, holding the pencil vertically — not at an angle
  3. Measure from the heel to the tip of the longest toe in centimeters or inches
  4. Also measure the widest point of the foot (across the ball)
  5. Repeat for the other foot and use the larger measurement

Measure feet in the afternoon or evening when they’re at their largest. Feet swell slightly during the day, just as they do after activity.

Step 2: Use the Brand’s Size Chart, Not General Shoe Sizes

Ballet shoe sizing does not match regular shoe sizing. A child who wears a size 2 in school shoes may need a size 1 or 1.5 in ballet shoes — or a size 3. Every brand has its own size chart, and you should use the chart provided by the brand you’re purchasing from, not a generic conversion table.

Most quality dancewear brands publish their size charts in centimeters and sometimes inches. Match your measured foot length to the corresponding ballet shoe size, then check the width column if available.

Step 3: Account for Growing Room

Ballet shoes are worn snug — but not painfully tight. The traditional fitting guideline is approximately one thumb’s width from the longest toe to the end of the shoe. For children who are growing quickly, buying with one size of growing room is common, but be aware that a shoe that’s too large will cause the foot to slide and won’t give the correct feedback during class.

If your child is between sizes, size up by one. If you’re buying for a child who seems to grow overnight, consider buying two pairs in different sizes at once.

What to Check in the Product Listing

Before adding a ballet shoe to your cart, confirm:

  • Material — canvas, leather, or satin? Canvas is correct for most RAD classes
  • Sole type — full sole or split sole? Check with your teacher which is appropriate
  • Width options — narrow, medium, or wide? If your child has a particularly wide or narrow foot, check the brand offers this
  • Color — pink is standard for girls; white or black for boys depending on the school
  • Elastic or ribbons — most children’s shoes come with elastic; some come with ribbons instead. Check which your school requires

Common Mistakes When Buying Ballet Shoes Online

  • Using regular shoe size without checking the brand’s chart — the most common error
  • Ordering satin shoes instead of canvas — satin is for performance, not class
  • Choosing the cheapest option without checking reviews — very cheap ballet shoes often have poor sole adhesion and fall apart quickly
  • Not measuring both feet — fit to the larger foot
  • Ignoring the return policy — check that the retailer accepts returns on unworn shoes in case the size is wrong

When to Go In Person Instead

For a child’s very first pair of ballet shoes, an in-person fitting at a specialist dance shop is strongly recommended. The fitter can assess foot shape, width, arch, and toe structure to find the best match. Once you know the brand and size that works for your child, repeat orders can safely be done online.

Frequently Asked Questions

My child’s feet are half sizes. How do I handle that when ordering online?

Most ballet shoe brands do not offer half sizes. When you’re between sizes, round up rather than down. A slightly larger shoe can be helped with a small cotton toe spacer or by tightening the elastic; a too-small shoe has no fix.

Can I order two sizes and return one?

Yes, as long as the retailer’s return policy permits unworn returns. This is a practical approach for children in a rapid growth phase. Keep the boxes and tissue, don’t remove the tags, and don’t let your child stand on a hard floor in both pairs before you’ve decided.

How quickly should I reorder when the current shoes feel snug?

As soon as the toes start touching the end. Don’t wait until the shoes are genuinely painful — by that point the child has likely been dancing in uncomfortable shoes for weeks.

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Ballet Shoe Size Chart: How to Find the Right Fit

Ballet Shoe Size Chart: How to Find the Right Fit

Short answer: Why Ballet Shoe Sizing Is Different Ballet shoes do not follow everyday footwear sizing. Most brands use their own numbering systems, and ballet shoes are generally two to three sizes smaller than…

Why Ballet Shoe Sizing Is Different

Ballet shoes do not follow everyday footwear sizing. Most brands use their own numbering systems, and ballet shoes are generally two to three sizes smaller than street shoes. They are designed to fit snugly around the foot for maximum control and floor feel — extra material bunches or slips and compromises both safety and technique.

How to Measure Your Child’s Feet

  1. Have your child stand on a piece of paper.
  2. Trace around the foot carefully with a pencil held vertically.
  3. Measure the length from the heel to the tip of the longest toe in centimetres.
  4. Measure the widest part of the foot across the ball.
  5. Use both measurements with the brand’s size chart.

Measure both feet and use the larger one. Measure toward the end of the day when feet are at their largest.

Approximate Size Conversions (UK Children)

UK Street Size Approx Ballet Shoe Size
5.5 (toddler) 0.5 – 1
7 1.5 – 2
9 3.5 – 4
11 5 – 5.5
13 7 – 7.5
2 (junior) 9 – 9.5
4 11 – 11.5
6 (adult) 13 – 13.5

Note: These are approximate guides only. Always check the specific brand’s size chart, as numbering varies between manufacturers.

Canvas vs Leather: Does Sizing Differ?

Yes. Leather ballet shoes typically require sizing up compared to canvas because leather stretches less. Canvas shoes mould more closely to the foot over time. When switching between materials, always re-measure rather than assuming the same size applies.

Split Sole vs Full Sole

Split sole and full sole shoes from the same manufacturer are usually sized the same, but the arch feel differs. A split sole leaves the arch exposed, giving greater feel for articulation. A full sole supports the whole foot. Both are correct depending on the student’s age, level, and teacher recommendation.

Growth Allowance for Children

Allow no more than a thumb’s width of growing room at the toe — enough for six to twelve months of wear without compromising safety. A shoe that is too large is unsafe and hinders technique.

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Frequently Asked Questions

How do I know what size ballet shoe to buy?

Measure the foot length and width in centimetres, then compare to the manufacturer’s size chart. Ballet shoes are typically two to three sizes smaller than street shoes. A fitting at a specialist dance shop is the most reliable method.

Should ballet shoes be tight or loose?

Snug but not painful. Toes should reach but not curl. Very little extra material should be visible at the toe. The heel should sit firmly without slipping.

What is the difference between canvas and leather ballet shoes?

Canvas shoes are lightweight and breathable; they mould to the foot with wear. Leather shoes are more durable with a slightly firmer fit. Most teachers accept both, though some prefer one material for specific grade levels.

Can I buy ballet shoes online without measuring?

It is best to measure first. Street shoe size alone is not reliable for ballet shoes due to brand-specific sizing. Most dance brands provide detailed size charts for online purchases.

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How to Clean Ballet Shoes: Canvas, Leather and Satin

How to Clean Ballet Shoes: Canvas, Leather and Satin

Ballet shoes pick up dust, rosin and sweat quickly, particularly canvas and leather styles worn in weekly classes. Regular light cleaning extends the life of the shoe and keeps it looking presentable for class and exams. The correct method depends on the material — canvas, leather and satin each require a different approach.

Short answer: Ballet shoes pick up dust, rosin and sweat quickly, particularly canvas and leather styles worn in weekly classes.

How to clean canvas ballet shoes

Canvas is the most forgiving material to clean. For a light clean, use a soft brush (an old toothbrush works well) to remove loose dirt from the sole and upper, then wipe the surface with a damp cloth and a small drop of mild soap. Rub gently in circular motions and remove the soap with a clean damp cloth.

For a deeper clean, canvas shoes can be machine washed inside a mesh laundry bag on a cool, gentle cycle (30°C maximum). Do not tumble dry — reshape the shoe by hand, stuff the toe with tissue, and leave flat to air dry away from direct heat. Note that repeated machine washing weakens the canvas fibres, so hand cleaning is preferable unless the shoe is very soiled.

How to clean leather ballet shoes

Leather shoes should never be soaked or machine washed. Wipe the upper with a damp cloth to remove surface dirt, then leave to dry at room temperature. Once dry, apply a small amount of leather conditioner to keep the material supple and prevent cracking at the flex points. Buff lightly with a dry cloth. For the sole, use a stiff brush to remove compacted dirt. Avoid petroleum-based products on leather as they can break down the glue at the seams.

How to clean satin ballet shoes

Satin requires the most careful handling. Do not machine wash satin shoes or immerse them in water, as this damages the fabric’s sheen and causes the sole to warp. Instead, spot-clean stains by blotting — never rubbing — with a damp cloth and very mild soap. Work from the outer edge of the stain inward to prevent spreading. Leave to dry naturally away from sunlight. Satin shoes are best suited for performances or examinations rather than everyday class use.

How to reduce shoe odour between classes

After every class, remove the shoes from the dance bag and leave them in open air to dry. Shoes left damp in a sealed bag develop odour and can mould. A small sachet of silica gel or cedar chips inside the shoe overnight absorbs moisture effectively. Baking soda is a free alternative — a teaspoon left inside each shoe overnight, then fully shaken out before wearing, neutralises odour without damaging any material.

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Frequently Asked Questions

How do I get scuff marks off white ballet shoes?

A soft rubber eraser removes light scuffs from white satin ballet shoes. For leather shoes, a small amount of white shoe cream applied with a soft cloth then buffed works well. Avoid soaking leather shoes — too much water damages the shape.

Can I put canvas ballet shoes in the washing machine?

Canvas ballet shoes can be washed in a mesh laundry bag on a cold, gentle cycle. Remove the elastics beforehand if possible, and always air dry — never put ballet shoes in a tumble dryer as the heat damages the glue and fabric.

How often should ballet shoes be cleaned?

Clean them lightly after every few classes to prevent ground-in dirt and odor. A thorough wash every four to six weeks is enough for regular class shoes. Exam shoes should be cleaned before every exam.

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Split Sole vs Full Sole Ballet Shoes: Which Should Your Child Wear?

Split Sole vs Full Sole Ballet Shoes: Which Should Your Child Wear?

When buying ballet shoes for the first time, many parents encounter the choice between full sole and split sole. The two styles look similar but work differently underfoot. Full sole shoes are the standard recommendation for beginner and younger dancers; split sole shoes are designed for intermediate to advanced students. Most dance teachers specify which type they want students to wear — always check before buying.

Short answer: When buying ballet shoes for the first time, many parents encounter the choice between full sole and split sole.

What is a full sole ballet shoe?

A full sole ballet shoe has a single continuous sole that runs the entire length of the foot, from heel to toe. This extra coverage beneath the arch creates gentle resistance when the dancer points their foot, which helps develop the small muscles of the foot and ankle. Because the shoe limits how far the foot can flex, the dancer has to work actively to achieve a full point — building strength over time.

Full sole shoes are almost universally recommended for children in their first two to three years of ballet, typically up to around age eight or nine, or until a teacher advises otherwise. They are also the standard for RAD Pre-Primary and Primary level students.

What is a split sole ballet shoe?

A split sole ballet shoe has two separate pads of material — one under the ball of the foot and one under the heel — leaving the arch area completely uncovered. This gives the foot much more freedom to flex and point, creating a cleaner visual line through the arch when the foot is extended. Professional dancers and advanced students generally prefer split soles because they allow the foot’s natural shape to show.

Split sole shoes require less breaking in than full sole styles and tend to feel more flexible straight from the box. However, because they provide so little resistance, they are not suitable for beginners whose foot muscles have not yet developed the control needed to use the flexibility safely.

Which sole type is right for your child’s level?

A simple rule of thumb used by most dance teachers:

  • Full sole — beginners, Pre-Primary, Primary, Grades 1–2 (roughly ages 3–9)
  • Split sole — intermediate to advanced students, usually from Grade 3 upward, at teacher’s discretion

The RAD does not publish a specific sole-type requirement, leaving the choice to each school and teacher. If you are unsure, full sole is always the safer starting point, and your teacher can advise when the time is right to switch.

Does the material matter as much as the sole type?

Canvas and leather are the two most common materials for both sole types. Canvas moulds to the foot more quickly, is lightweight, and is easier to wash. Leather is more durable and holds its shape for longer, making it better value for rapidly growing feet. Stretch canvas is a modern option that combines the lightweight feel of canvas with built-in elasticity, reducing the need for a separate elastic strap across the instep.

For beginners, canvas full sole shoes are a practical and affordable first choice. For older students moving to split sole, stretch canvas is popular because the shoe moves with the foot from day one.

How to tell if ballet shoes fit correctly

Ballet shoes should fit snugly but not painfully — the toes should lie flat and there should be no wrinkling across the toe box. Most brands recommend sizing one to two sizes smaller than the street shoe, but this varies by brand and style. A correctly fitted shoe should show no excess material bunching around the toes, and the heel should not slip when the dancer rises onto the ball of the foot.

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Frequently Asked Questions

Why do dance teachers recommend full sole shoes for young students?

A full-sole shoe provides resistance under the arch that helps develop foot strength. Young dancers whose feet are still forming benefit from this resistance. Split sole shoes allow the arch to flex more freely, which is only useful once there is strength to control it.

At what level should a student switch from full sole to split sole?

Most teachers recommend the switch around Grade 3 to Grade 5, when the student has developed sufficient foot and ankle strength. Many teachers make this decision individually for each student rather than by grade alone.

Does the RAD specify full sole or split sole for examinations?

The RAD does not mandate a specific sole style for its examinations. The choice is the teacher's. The most important factor is that the shoe fits well and allows the student to work freely within their current technical ability.